Table 2 T-test Results of Teachers Reported Incorporation of SEPs and CCCs in 2020 and 2021

Change in asking questions between 2020 and 2021

0.01

−5.65

419.72

0.53

Change in planning investigations or experiments between 2020 and 2021

0.01

−2.34

458.50

0.23

Change in doing investigations between 2020 and 2021

0.002

−2.10

449.04

0.28

Change in coming up with explanations between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.47

446.86

0.40

Change in developing and using models between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.46

446.86

0.40

Change in using evidence to support a claim between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−5.27

431.17

0.54

Change in recording observations between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−3.82

383.98

0.42

Change in evaluating information between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−3.12

440.54

0.29

Change in graphing data between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−5.06

392.95

0.50

Change in analyzing and interpreting data between 2020 and 2021

0.002

−3.17

410.46

0.33

Change in looking for patterns in data between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−5.57

408.55

0.58

Change in designing the steps needed to answer questions between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.16

419.82

0.41

Change in cause and effect between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−3.45

383.10

0.24

Change in patterns between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.06

373.68

0.43

Change in scale, proportion, and quantity between 2020 and 2021

0.008

−2.67

352.53

0.37

Change in systems and system models between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.32

393.23

0.50

Change in energy and matter between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.32

386.49

0.47

Change in structure and function between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−4.59

413.25

0.26

Change in stability and change between 2020 and 2021

0.001

−2.49

402.22

0.20