Table 4 Features used to study the distribution of the frequencies of PBL characteristics
Key characteristic | Features used for the frequency count (n = 24; feature observed = 1, feature not observed = 0). |
|---|---|
Driving question | Is the project problem-based? |
Are the learning environments local? | |
Does the project deal with socio-scientific issues? | |
Learning goals | Does the project include learning goals set by the teacher? |
Does the project include learning goals set by the students? | |
Does the project include learning goals related to biology? | |
Do students describe learning gains? | |
Do teachers describe learning gains? | |
Are learning gains related to biology described? | |
Scientific practice | Do the students ask questions? |
Do the students present hypotheses? | |
Do the students carry out explorations? | |
Do the students carry out experiments? | |
Do the students interpret the data? | |
Do the students draw conclusions from the results? | |
Do the students present their work to others? | |
Do the students reflect on doing the project? | |
Collaboration | Do the students collaborate with each other during the project? |
Do the teachers collaborate with each other during the project? | |
Does the project include collaboration with outside partners? | |
Technology | Does the project describe using ICT? |
Does the project include using scientific technology? | |
Artefact | Does the project have an artefact? |
Does the artefact draw the project together? |